近期，“取消早讀”成為基礎(chǔ)教育領(lǐng)域的熱議焦點(diǎn)。

從四川成都、浙江寧波，到廣東惠州、東莞，再到江蘇南京，多地中小學(xué)密集發(fā)布作息調(diào)整新規(guī)，全面取消校內(nèi)統(tǒng)一早讀，嚴(yán)禁強(qiáng)制學(xué)生提前到校參與晨間集體學(xué)習(xí)。

This spring semester, cities including Chengdu in Sichuan province, Ningbo in Zhejiang province, Huizhou and Dongguan in Guangdong province, and Nanjing in Jiangsu province have issued regulations canceling unified morning reading and prohibiting schools from requiring students to arrive early for collective study.

圖源：視覺(jué)中國(guó)

各地的一系列調(diào)整，均是對(duì)教育部中小學(xué)生睡眠管理政策的落地執(zhí)行。該政策明確小學(xué)上午上課時(shí)間一般不早于8:20、中學(xué)一般不早于8:00，同時(shí)要求小學(xué)生每日睡眠時(shí)間達(dá)10小時(shí)、初中生達(dá)9小時(shí)。

The measures align with existing regulations from the Ministry of Education, which set baseline start times: primary schools should begin no earlier than 8:20 am, and secondary schools no earlier than 8 am.

In 2025, the ministry reiterated that schools must not require early arrival for scheduled instruction and, where conditions allow, should ensure students have adequate time for naps.

據(jù)《文匯報(bào)》報(bào)道，作為改革示范，上海2007年便率先提出延遲學(xué)生早晨進(jìn)校時(shí)間以保障睡眠時(shí)間，明確小學(xué)8:15后、初中8:00后再安排集體教育教學(xué)活動(dòng)。

華東師范大學(xué)國(guó)家教育宏觀政策研究院副研究員吳晶說(shuō)：“已有研究表明，充足的睡眠不僅能消除身體疲勞、保障大腦健康發(fā)育，更能有效提高學(xué)生的記憶力與學(xué)習(xí)效率?！?/p>

Studies show that sufficient sleep not only relieves physical fatigue and supports healthy brain development, but also improves memory and learning efficiency, Wu Jing, an associate researcher at the National Institute of Educational Policy Research at East China Normal University, told Shanghai-based Wenhui News.

部分中小學(xué)管理者和教師，包括家長(zhǎng)都仍持有“時(shí)間投入與成績(jī)成正比”的觀念，認(rèn)為“學(xué)生早到一點(diǎn)就能更快進(jìn)入學(xué)習(xí)狀態(tài)”“多學(xué)一點(diǎn)就能比別人多考幾分”，從而不惜犧牲學(xué)生的睡眠時(shí)間設(shè)置早讀、早課，爭(zhēng)分奪秒地給學(xué)生“灌輸”知識(shí)點(diǎn)。

Despite scientific consensus and repeated directives, implementation has faced hurdles. Some school administrators, teachers and parents still cling to the belief that more school time leads to better grades.

“所有減負(fù)措施的背后，核心都是提質(zhì)增效。”上海市建平中學(xué)西校黨總支書(shū)記潘斐然給記者算了一筆“時(shí)間賬”：按照現(xiàn)有的各種規(guī)定，學(xué)生推遲到校，那在有限的在校時(shí)間內(nèi)，仍然要按時(shí)完成課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，保障每天2小時(shí)的運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)長(zhǎng)，還要開(kāi)展德育、教研等各類活動(dòng)。這不僅僅是對(duì)學(xué)校教育治理能力的考驗(yàn)。

Pan Feiran, Party secretary of Shanghai Jianping West Middle School, said schools now face the challenge of completing required curricula, ensuring two hours of daily physical activity, and conducting moral education and research activities — all within reduced on-campus hours.

上海市寶山區(qū)南大實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校校長(zhǎng)顧敏霞談到了一個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)的困境：學(xué)生推遲到校，但與雙職工家長(zhǎng)上班的時(shí)間不能匹配。若家長(zhǎng)早早將孩子送到，學(xué)校和老師也很難將學(xué)生拒之校門(mén)外。而家長(zhǎng)層面的焦慮也進(jìn)一步加劇了取消早讀的落實(shí)難度，尤其是初三、高三等升學(xué)年級(jí)的家長(zhǎng)，更是擔(dān)憂孩子“每天少學(xué)半小時(shí)，日積月累就會(huì)被拉開(kāi)差距”。

Gu Minxia, principal of Shanghai Baoshan Nanda Experimental School, pointed to a practical dilemma: "Students are arriving later, but working parents' schedules haven't changed. Schools find it difficult to turn away children who are dropped off early."

圖源：視覺(jué)中國(guó)

復(fù)旦大學(xué)發(fā)展研究院副研究員劉虹強(qiáng)調(diào)，基層學(xué)校落實(shí)作息調(diào)整要求，必須站在“健康第一”和提升教育治理水平的高度，綜合調(diào)整教學(xué)、教研等各項(xiàng)工作，避免政策流于形式。

一方面，要杜絕“形式上取消早讀，實(shí)則將壓力平移到其他時(shí)間段”的現(xiàn)象，不能把早讀的教學(xué)任務(wù)簡(jiǎn)單轉(zhuǎn)移到課后，導(dǎo)致學(xué)生作業(yè)量增加、熬夜趕工，違背睡眠管理的初衷；另一方面，要避免將減負(fù)措施理解為“放松學(xué)業(yè)管理”，防止在“減負(fù)”和“提分”之間反復(fù)橫跳，讓教育改革失去方向。

Liu Hong, an associate researcher at the Fudan Development Institute, said abolishing morning reading sessions should be seen as part of a broader effort to implement a "health first" education philosophy.

"Current academic pressure on students is a systemic issue," she said. "Simply adjusting arrival times is too narrow an approach."

On one hand, schools must avoid canceling morning reading in name only while shifting pressure to other times. Teaching tasks should not be moved to after-school hours, which would increase homework and force students to stay up late, undermining the goal of protecting sleep.

On the other hand, reducing the burden should not be mistaken for relaxing academic management, she said.

據(jù)大皖新聞，不少家長(zhǎng)都經(jīng)歷了從擔(dān)憂到認(rèn)可的心態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變。家住安徽省合肥市廬陽(yáng)區(qū)的家長(zhǎng)楚女士告訴記者：“一開(kāi)始特別擔(dān)心，覺(jué)得孩子少了早讀的時(shí)間，記東西、背課文會(huì)落下，每天都揪著心?！倍戏适邪訁^(qū)的家長(zhǎng)李先生則有了切身的正面感受：“孩子不用早起趕早讀了，每天能多睡近一小時(shí)，早上吃飯也不慌了，上課的時(shí)候明顯坐得住，專注力比以前好多了。”

Parents' attitudes have shifted from concern to acceptance. Li, a father in Hefei, Anhui province, said the quality of learning has improved since later start times were introduced.

His child sleeps nearly an hour longer, eats breakfast at a more relaxed pace, and is more focused in class, he told Anhui-based Dawan News.

你對(duì)多地中小學(xué)取消早讀一事怎么看？評(píng)論區(qū)聊聊。

記者：鄒碩

來(lái)源：文匯報(bào) 大皖新聞

跟著China Daily

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