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許多科普讀物稱小腸是最長的器官。但事實上，血管才是真正最長的。雖然中學(xué)生物課本未明確血管是器官，但闡明了器官定義：由兩種或以上不同類型組織構(gòu)成，行使特定功能，承擔(dān)生物體內(nèi)一定工作。

血管完全符合此定義。組織學(xué)上，其管壁由不同組織構(gòu)成的同心層組成：內(nèi)膜包含內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞層及薄層結(jié)締組織；中膜為中間的肌肉/彈性層，含平滑肌和彈性組織；外膜主要是外層纖維結(jié)締組織。神經(jīng)組織在血管中雖不占主導(dǎo)，但參與調(diào)節(jié)平滑肌與痛覺。

因此醫(yī)學(xué)上，血管與胃、腸、膀胱、腎等具有較大內(nèi)腔的結(jié)構(gòu)同屬管狀器官。

所以，最長的器官并非小腸，而是血管。

參考資料

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[8] Bao C, Yang Z, Li Q, et al. Aerobic endurance exercise ameliorates renal vascular sclerosis in aged mice by regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway[J]. DNA and cell biology, 2020, 39(2): 310-320.

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