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隨著旅游消費(fèi)升級(jí)和文旅融合深入發(fā)展，民宿行業(yè)正經(jīng)歷從簡(jiǎn)單住宿功能向文化體驗(yàn)載體的轉(zhuǎn)型，優(yōu)秀的民宿設(shè)計(jì)不應(yīng)僅是物理空間的營(yíng)造，更應(yīng)是對(duì)地方文化的詮釋和傳播，空間設(shè)計(jì)與地域文化的融合：

空間組織是民宿與地域文化結(jié)合的首要切入點(diǎn)。傳統(tǒng)民居的空間格局往往反映著當(dāng)?shù)氐纳罘绞胶臀幕^念，如南方民居的"天井院落"、北方四合院的"軸線對(duì)稱"、西南干欄建筑的"豎向分層"等。民宿設(shè)計(jì)可以借鑒這些傳統(tǒng)空間原型，通過(guò)現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)譯和創(chuàng)新。例如，浙江莫干山地區(qū)的民宿常采用"前院后屋"的布局，既延續(xù)了江南民居的空間序列，又滿足了現(xiàn)代度假功能需求。

功能配置上，民宿空間應(yīng)當(dāng)體現(xiàn)地域生活特色。可以設(shè)置符合當(dāng)?shù)厣盍?xí)慣的特色功能空間，如福建土樓民宿中的"圍爐茶室"、云南民宿的"火塘休閑區(qū)"、西北地區(qū)的"炕居體驗(yàn)房"等。這些特色空間不僅豐富了民宿的功能內(nèi)涵，也為游客提供了接觸地方文化的直接場(chǎng)景。同時(shí)，公共空間的設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)鼓勵(lì)社交互動(dòng)，再現(xiàn)傳統(tǒng)社區(qū)的生活氛圍。

細(xì)部設(shè)計(jì)是傳達(dá)文化內(nèi)涵的重要載體。門窗形式、家具樣式、裝飾紋樣等細(xì)部元素往往承載著豐富的地域文化信息。設(shè)計(jì)師可以通過(guò)對(duì)傳統(tǒng)建筑元素的提煉和抽象，創(chuàng)造出既有文化韻味又符合現(xiàn)代審美的細(xì)部設(shè)計(jì)。例如，徽州民宿常用簡(jiǎn)化后的"馬頭墻"元素作為室內(nèi)隔斷，既分割了空間，又延續(xù)了地域建筑特色。

With the in-depth development of tourism consumption upgrading and cultural tourism integration, homestay industry is undergoing a transformation from a simple accommodation function to a cultural experience carrier. Excellent homestay design should not only be the construction of physical space, but also the interpretation and dissemination of local culture, and the integration of space design and regional culture: spatial organization is the primary entry point for the combination of homestay and regional culture. The spatial pattern of traditional residential buildings often reflects the local lifestyle and cultural concepts, such as the "courtyard courtyard" in the south, the "axis symmetry" in the north, and the "vertical stratification" in the southwest. Homestay design can learn from these traditional space prototypes and translate and innovate through modern design language. For example, the homestays in the Moganshan area of Zhejiang Province often adopt the layout of "front yard and back room", which not only continues the spatial sequence of Jiangnan folk houses, but also meets the needs of modern holiday functions.

In terms of function configuration, the residential space should reflect the characteristics of regional life. It is possible to set up special functional Spaces in line with local living habits, such as the "teahouse around the stove" in Fujian Tulou homestay, the "Fire Pond leisure area" in Yunnan homestay, and the "Kang House experience Room" in Northwest China. These characteristic Spaces not only enrich the functional connotation of homestays, but also provide tourists with a direct scene of contact with local culture. At the same time, the design of public Spaces should encourage social interaction and reproduce the living atmosphere of traditional communities.

Detail design is an important carrier to convey cultural connotation. Details such as door and window forms, furniture styles and decorative patterns often carry rich regional cultural information. By refining and abstracting traditional architectural elements, designers can create detailed designs that have both cultural charm and modern aesthetics. For example, Huizhou homestays often use the simplified "Ma Tou wall" element as an interior partition, which not only divides the space, but also continues the regional architectural characteristics.

建筑材料的選擇直接影響著民宿的地域認(rèn)同感。傳統(tǒng)民居往往采用就地取材的建造方式，形成了鮮明的地方特色，如西南地區(qū)的竹木結(jié)構(gòu)、黃土高原的窯洞建筑、東南沿海的蠔殼墻等。民宿設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)當(dāng)優(yōu)先考慮使用當(dāng)?shù)夭牧希@不僅能夠降低運(yùn)輸成本，更能延續(xù)地方建筑的文化基因。同時(shí)，本土材料與當(dāng)?shù)貧夂虻倪m應(yīng)性更強(qiáng)，有助于提高建筑的舒適性和可持續(xù)性。

傳統(tǒng)材料的創(chuàng)新應(yīng)用是當(dāng)代民宿設(shè)計(jì)的挑戰(zhàn)與機(jī)遇。隨著技術(shù)進(jìn)步和工藝改良，許多傳統(tǒng)材料可以通過(guò)新的處理方式和構(gòu)造技術(shù)獲得更好的性能和表現(xiàn)力。例如，夯土墻可以通過(guò)添加穩(wěn)定劑提高耐久性，茅草屋頂可以通過(guò)防火處理滿足安全要求，竹材可以通過(guò)重組技術(shù)增強(qiáng)結(jié)構(gòu)性能。這些創(chuàng)新應(yīng)用既保留了材料的文化屬性，又拓展了其使用可能性。

材料組合可以創(chuàng)造出豐富的文化表達(dá)。將傳統(tǒng)材料與現(xiàn)代材料并置使用，往往能產(chǎn)生有趣的對(duì)話關(guān)系。例如，用鋼結(jié)構(gòu)和玻璃與傳統(tǒng)木構(gòu)架結(jié)合，用混凝土與夯土墻面對(duì)比，用金屬網(wǎng)與竹編工藝呼應(yīng)等。這種材料組合不是簡(jiǎn)單的拼貼，而是基于文化邏輯的有意安排，能夠形成層次豐富的空間體驗(yàn)。

材料細(xì)節(jié)的處理直接影響文化表達(dá)的精確度。同樣的材料，不同的施工工藝和細(xì)部處理會(huì)產(chǎn)生截然不同的效果。設(shè)計(jì)師應(yīng)當(dāng)深入研究傳統(tǒng)工藝的精髓，如磚石的砌筑方式、木作的榫卯技術(shù)、灰塑的裝飾手法等，并在現(xiàn)代施工條件下加以傳承和創(chuàng)新。這些材料細(xì)節(jié)是文化表達(dá)的"標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)"，缺失或錯(cuò)誤都會(huì)影響整體的文化敘事。

The choice of building materials directly affects the regional identity of homestays. Traditional houses are often constructed with local materials, forming distinct local characteristics, such as bamboo and wood structures in southwest China, cave dwellings in Loess Plateau, and oyster-shell walls in southeast coastal areas. The use of local materials should be prioritized in B&B design, which can not only reduce transportation costs, but also continue the cultural gene of local architecture. At the same time, indigenous materials are more adaptable to the local climate, contributing to the comfort and sustainability of the building.

The innovative application of traditional materials is the challenge and opportunity of contemporary homestay design. With technological progress and process improvement, many traditional materials can obtain better performance and performance through new treatment methods and construction techniques. For example, rammed earth walls can improve durability by adding stabilizers, thatch roofs can meet safety requirements through fire treatment, and bamboo can enhance structural performance through recombination technology. These innovative applications both preserve the cultural properties of materials and expand their use possibilities.

A combination of materials can create a rich cultural expression. The juxtaposition of traditional and modern materials often leads to interesting dialogue relationships. For example, the steel structure and glass are combined with the traditional wood frame, the concrete is contrasted with the rammed earth wall, and the metal mesh is echoed with the bamboo weaving process. This combination of materials is not a simple collage, but a deliberate arrangement based on cultural logic, which can form a rich spatial experience.

The processing of material details directly affects the accuracy of cultural expression. The same material, different construction processes and detailed treatment will produce completely different effects. Designers should deeply study the essence of traditional craft, such as masonry, wood mortise and tenon technology, gray plastic decoration techniques, and inherit and innovate under modern construction conditions. These material details are the "punctuation marks" of cultural expression, and their absence or error can affect the overall cultural narrative.

一、觀芮 · 沙溪里

RESIDENTIAL DESIGN

沙溪古鎮(zhèn)的慢生活是它的在地文化符號(hào)，觀芮沙溪里用仿唐木結(jié)構(gòu)侘寂風(fēng)+禪宗枯山水庭院的融合打造800平方米禪修空間，以東方美學(xué)的精髓令每一位住戶都仿佛踏進(jìn)時(shí)空隧道重現(xiàn)陶淵明詩(shī)詞中的隱居時(shí)光。為了創(chuàng)造更謐靜的修行氛圍，觀芮沙溪里僅有7間客房房間設(shè)計(jì)受禪宗“無(wú)念”的影響，盡可能圍繞減法做布局。

The slow life of Shaxi Ancient Town is its local cultural symbol Guan Rui - Shaxi with imitation Tang wood structure Wabi-Sabi + Zen dry landscape courtyard integration to create 800 square meters of meditation space with the essence of Oriental aesthetics, every resident seems to step into the time and space tunnel to recreate the seclusive time of Tao Yuanming's poetry. In order to create a more peaceful atmosphere for meditation, there are only 7 guest rooms in Guanrui Sha Creek. The design of the rooms is influenced by Zen Buddhism "no thoughts", and the layout is as close as possible to subtraction.

世上本無(wú)完美，觀芮用隨處可見(jiàn)的殘破事物，如破口的茶杯、歪裂的木材呈現(xiàn)這種觀點(diǎn)，拒絕堆砌貴價(jià)建材，拒絕應(yīng)用網(wǎng)紅元素，盡可能減少物欲帶來(lái)的世俗紛擾。通過(guò)人為的技術(shù)，做出盡量看不出人為痕跡的自然景觀，"草之小者，讀若芮" 細(xì)心觀察小草生長(zhǎng)的模樣，感悟時(shí)間對(duì)身邊事物的變化 這是我們的品牌訴求，也是讓每一位走進(jìn)觀芮的家人凈化城市世俗氣息的魅力所在。

There is no perfection in the world, viewing Rui with broken things everywhere, such as broken teacups, distorted cracked wood to present this view, refusing to pile expensive building materials, refusing to apply network red elements, as far as possible to reduce the worldly disturbance brought by material desire. Through artificial technology, make as far as possible to see the traces of human natural landscape, "grass small, read Ruorui" carefully observe the appearance of grass growth, feeling the change of time to the things around this is our brand appeal, but also let each family into the view Rui purify the charm of the city secular atmosphere.

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