文/liangchaoxford 廣東涼茶煲牛津
一
昨日流量收入0.92元。
這是第70天閱讀英文版《傲慢與偏見》。
前面講到簡和伊麗莎白對賓利姊妹們的認識是好的，是簡和伊麗莎白莎白的聊天。這篇文字就轉(zhuǎn)到了描述文字了：
Elizabeth listened in silence, but was not convinced; their behaviour at the assembly had not been calculated to please in general; and with more quickness of observation and less pliancy of temper than her sister, and with a judgment too unassailed by any attention to herself, she was very little disposed to approve them. They were in fact very fine ladies; not deficient in good humour when they were pleased, nor in the power of being agreeable where they chose it; but proud and conceited. They were rather handsome, had been educated in one of the first private seminaries in town, had a fortune of twenty thousand pounds, were in the habit of spending more than they ought, and of associating with people of rank; and were therefore in every respect entitled to think well of themselves, and meanly of others. They were of a respectable family in the north of England; a circumstance more deeply impressed on their memories than that their brother’s fortune and their own had been acquired by trade.
這段英語文字有點長，生詞較多，我看著有點眼皮子發(fā)麻，我先用工具把這段文字分為幾個部分，對應(yīng)的中文是我翻譯的，文字較長，拿出點耐心，慢慢地逐句閱讀逐句理解，練的長文字多了，英語閱讀水平就提高了，咱得迎難而上：
第1部分：伊麗莎白對賓利姐妹的態(tài)度
Elizabeth listened in silence, but was not convinced; their behaviour at the assembly had not been calculated to please in general; and with more quickness of observation and less pliancy of temper than her sister, and with a judgment too unassailed by any attention to herself, she was very little disposed to approve them.
伊麗莎白沉默地聽著，但不認同；她們舞會上的舉止總體上來說不是刻意討好；有著敏銳的觀察力脾氣沒有姐妹溫柔，有著獨立不受外來影響的判斷，她幾乎不會認可她們。
第2部分：賓利姐妹的真實性格
They were in fact very fine ladies; not deficient in good humour when they were pleased, nor in the power of being agreeable where they chose it; but proud and conceited.
她們實際上是很好的女士；當她們高興的時候不缺少好脾氣，也討人喜歡；但是傲慢和自負。
第3部分：賓利姐妹的客觀條件
They were rather handsome, had been educated in one of the first private seminaries in town, had a fortune of twenty thousand pounds, were in the habit of spending more than they ought, and of associating with people of rank; and were therefore in every respect entitled to think well of themselves, and meanly of others.
她們相當?shù)钠?，在頂尖私立學校接受教育，有兩萬英鎊的財富，花錢比掙得多，結(jié)識上層人士；因此她們認為自己很高傲，輕視他人。
第4部分：賓利姐妹的家庭背景
They were of a respectable family in the north of England; a circumstance more deeply impressed on their memories than that their brother’s fortune and their own had been acquired by trade.”
她們在北英格蘭是受尊敬的家庭；她們更在意的是家族體面，而不是哥哥的財富和她們家靠貿(mào)易取得的財富。
透過上述文字，可知賓利家經(jīng)濟條件是好的，家里是做貿(mào)易的，不是權(quán)貴家庭出身。
二
我把查閱的詞匯簡潔注釋列舉在此：
1. convinced
詞性：形容詞
含義：確信的；信服的
用法：“并不信服”。
我補充幾個權(quán)威例句，體會“convinced”的用法：
Eventually, Californians convinced one of their representatives, Senator John Conness, to translate rhetoric to action.
最終，加利福尼亞人說服了他們的一位代表——參議員約翰·康內(nèi)斯，將言辭轉(zhuǎn)化為行動。
The taxi driver was nearly hysterical, convinced I would be eaten by a tiger.
出租車司機幾乎歇斯底里，堅信我會被老虎吃掉。
Tapping into old family connections, he convinced farmers to sell their land to him on credit.
利用舊的家族關(guān)系，他說服農(nóng)民們賒賬把土地賣給他。
He thinks the financial crisis has convinced people that investing is not just for business-school graduates.
他認為金融危機讓人們確信，投資不只是商學院畢業(yè)生的事。
Elizabeth Pierce, an analyst at Roth Capital Partners, is convinced that Urban will continue its winning ways.
羅斯資本合伙人公司的分析師伊麗莎白·皮爾斯確信，Urban 公司將繼續(xù)保持其成功勢頭。
2. assembly
詞性：名詞
含義：集會；舞會
用法：明確社交場景。
3. calculated
詞性：形容詞
含義：刻意的；有計劃的
用法：“not been calculated to please”，“并非刻意討好”。
我補充幾個權(quán)威例句，體會“calculated”的用法：
It was coldly and crassly calculated, but that doesn't prevent you sometimes from doing some interesting work.
這是冷酷且粗魯?shù)乃阌嫞@并不妨礙你有時做出一些有趣的作品。
Also, the fees are calculated as a percentage of the sale proceeds, not a percentage of the gain.
此外，費用是按銷售收入的百分比計算的，而不是按收益的百分比計算的。
In many of yesterday's marches, American flags were everywhere, a calculated move by march organizers.
在昨天的許多游行中，到處都是美國國旗，這是游行組織者的一次刻意舉動。
The final overall ranking is calculated as a weighted average of all four scores.
最終的總排名是所有四個分數(shù)的加權(quán)平均值。
The basic story is that pre-railroads time was calculated from the Sun at each location.
基本情況是，鐵路出現(xiàn)前的時間是根據(jù)每個地點的太陽來計算的。
4. general
詞性：形容詞
含義：普遍的；總體的
用法：“in general”，“總體上”。
5. quickness
詞性：名詞
含義：敏銳；迅速
用法：“quickness of observation”，“敏銳的觀察力”
6. observation
詞性：名詞
含義：觀察；觀察力
用法：用于說明認知優(yōu)勢
7. pliancy
詞性：名詞
含義：柔順；易屈從
用法：“l(fā)ess pliancy of temper”，“脾氣不那么隨和”
8. temper
詞性：名詞
含義：脾氣；性情
用法：描述性格維度。
9. unassailed
詞性：形容詞
含義：未受攻擊的；不受影響的
用法：“judgment too unassailed”，“判斷不受他人態(tài)度影響”。
10. disposed
詞性：形容詞
含義：愿意的；傾向于
用法：“very little disposed to approve”，“極不愿意認可”。
11. approve
詞性：動詞
含義：認可；贊成
用法：明確態(tài)度。
12. deficient
詞性：形容詞
含義：缺乏的；不足的
用法：“not deficient in good humour”，“并非缺乏好脾氣”。
13. humour
詞性：名詞
含義：脾氣；幽默感
用法：描述性格
14. conceited
詞性：形容詞
含義：自負的；自高自大的
用法：缺點
15. private seminaries
詞性：名詞短語
含義：私立學校；私立學院
用法：“頂尖私立學?！?br/>16. fortune
詞性：名詞
含義：財富；財產(chǎn)
用法：“a fortune of twenty thousand pounds”，“兩萬英鎊財產(chǎn)”
17. ought
詞性：動詞（情態(tài)動詞）
含義：應(yīng)該；應(yīng)當
用法：“more than they ought”，“超出應(yīng)有的范圍”，花錢大手大腳
18. associating
詞性：動名詞
含義：交往；結(jié)交
用法：“associating with people of rank”“結(jié)交權(quán)貴”。
我補充幾個權(quán)威例句，體會“associating”的用法：
As a condition of his current parole, he is banned from associating with gang members.
作為他當前假釋的條件，他被禁止與幫派成員交往。
There was no real fanfare other than associating the Starbucks coffee goddess with her anniversary.
除了將星巴克咖啡女神與其周年紀念聯(lián)系起來外，并沒有什么真正的大張旗鼓的宣傳。
You do see southern and northern Sudanese sort of associating, talking to one another.
你確實能看到蘇丹南部和北部的人在交往、互相交談。
By associating himself so closely with the congressional races, Mr Bush was taking a gamble.
通過與國會競選如此緊密地聯(lián)系在一起，布什先生是在冒險。
In consideration of the above settlement, Collins was barred from associating with any FINRA member firm.
考慮到上述和解，柯林斯被禁止與任何美國金融業(yè)監(jiān)管局成員公司交往。
19. respect
詞性：名詞
含義：方面；
用法：“in every respect”，“在各方面”。
20. entitled
詞性：形容詞
含義：有資格的；有權(quán)利的
用法：“entitled to think well of themselves”，“有理由自視甚高”
21. meanly
詞性：副詞
含義：輕蔑地；刻薄地
用法：“meanly of others”，“輕視他人”
22. respectable
詞性：形容詞
含義：體面的；值得尊敬的
用法：“respectable family”，“體面的家庭”
23. circumstance
詞性：名詞
含義：情況；境遇
用法：家世影響
24. impressed
詞性：形容詞
含義：印象深刻的；銘記的
用法：“deeply impressed on their memories”，“深深銘記”
25. fortune
詞性：名詞
含義：財富；財產(chǎn)
用法：經(jīng)濟背景。
三
為了更好的理解這段文字，我逐句拆解閱讀一遍：
1. “Elizabeth listened in silence, but was not convinced; their behaviour at the assembly had not been calculated to please in general;”
not convinced：“不信服”。
behaviour at the assembly：“舞會上的表現(xiàn)”。
not been calculated to please：“沒打算討好”。
“calculated”，刻意謀劃的。
2. “and with more quickness of observation and less pliancy of temper than her sister, and with a judgment too unassailed by any attention to herself, she was very little disposed to approve them.”
quickness of observation：“敏銳的觀察力”。
less pliancy of temper：“脾氣更不隨和”。
judgment too unassailed by any attention：“判斷不受他人態(tài)度影響”。
disposed to：固定搭配，“傾向于；有意于”
approve：“認可；贊同；批準”
3. “They were in fact very fine ladies; not deficient in good humour when they were pleased, nor in the power of being agreeable where they chose it; but proud and conceited.”
fine ladies：“優(yōu)雅的女士”。
not deficient in good humour：“脾氣不差”。
“not deficient in”，不缺乏。
deficient
adj. 缺乏的，不足的；有缺點的，有缺陷的
proud and conceited：“傲慢且自負”。
4. “They were rather handsome, had been educated in one of the first private seminaries in town, had a fortune of twenty thousand pounds, were in the habit of spending more than they ought, and of associating with people of rank;”
first private seminaries：“頂尖私立學?！?。
fortune of twenty thousand pounds：“兩萬英鎊財產(chǎn)”。
associating with people of rank：“結(jié)交權(quán)貴”
associating
v. 結(jié)合；使聯(lián)合；把……聯(lián)系在一起；聯(lián)想；參與；交往，混在一起；表示支持（或同意）（associate 的現(xiàn)在分詞）
“rank”，階層。
5. “and were therefore in every respect entitled to think well of themselves, and meanly of others.”
in every respect：“在各方面”
entitled to think well of themselves：“有理由自視甚高”
“entitled”，有資格的。
meanly of others：“輕視他人”
meanly
adv. 卑賤地；吝嗇地；簡陋地
6. “They were of a respectable family in the north of England; a circumstance more deeply impressed on their memories than that their brother’s fortune and their own had been acquired by trade.”
respectable family：“體面的家庭”
circumstance
n. 條件，情況，環(huán)境；境況，經(jīng)濟狀況；詳情，原委；命運，境遇
v. 處于某種情況
impressed
adj. 欽佩的，印象深刻的
v. 使欽佩，使留下深刻印象；使意識到（重要性或嚴重性等）；使銘記（impress 的過去式和過去分詞）
acquired by trade：“通過經(jīng)商獲得”。
這段文字有點太長，應(yīng)該是兩段或三段，可能是我從PDF版復(fù)制的時候沒有分開段落。
這段文字的生詞較多，要反復(fù)的拉練幾遍熟悉。
這段文字描述伊麗莎白對賓利姐妹是不太認同的，伊麗莎白有著敏銳的觀察力和獨立的判斷力。